Open Access

ARTICLE

Coordinated Charging Scheduling Strategy for Electric Vehicles Considering Vehicle Urgency

Zhenhao Wang¹, Hongwei Li^1,*, Dan Pang², Jinming Ge¹
1 College of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132011, China
2 State Grid Changchun Electric Power Supply Company, Changchun, 130021, China
* Corresponding Author: Hongwei Li. Email:

Energy Engineering https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.063615

Received 19 January 2025; Accepted 02 April 2025; Published online 27 April 2025

Abstract

Aiming at the problem of increasing the peak-to-valley difference of grid load and the rising cost of user charging caused by the disorderly charging of large-scale electric vehicles, this paper proposes a coordinated charging scheduling strategy for multiple types of electric vehicles based on the degree of urgency of vehicle use. First, considering the range loss characteristics, dynamic time-sharing tariff mechanism, and user incentive policy in the low-temperature environment of northern winter, a differentiated charging model is constructed for four types of vehicles: family cars, official cars, buses, and cabs. Then, we innovatively introduce the urgency parameter of charging demand for multiple types of vehicles and dynamically divide the emergency and non-emergency charging modes according to the difference between the regular charging capacity and the user’s minimum power demand. When the conventional charging capacity is less than the minimum power demand of the vehicle within the specified time, it is the emergency vehicle demand, and this type of vehicle is immediately charged in fast charging mode after connecting to the grid. On the contrary, it is a non-emergency demand, and the vehicle is connected to the grid to choose the appropriate time to charge in conventional charging mode. Finally, by optimizing the objective function to minimize the peak-to-valley difference between the grid and the vehicle owner’s charging cost, and designing the charging continuity constraints to avoid battery damage, it ensures that the vehicle is efficiently dispatched under the premise of meeting the minimum power demand. Simulation results show that the proposed charging strategy can reduce the charging cost of vehicle owners by 26.33%, reduce the peak-to-valley difference rate of the grid by 29.8%, and significantly alleviate the congestion problem during peak load hours, compared with the disordered charging mode, while ensuring that the electric vehicles are not overcharged and meet the electricity demand of vehicle owners. This paper solves the problems of the existing research on the singularity of vehicle models and the lack of environmental adaptability and provides both economic and practical solutions for the cooperative optimization of electric vehicles and power grids in multiple scenarios.

---

Keywords

Electric vehicle; orderly charging; charging costs; time-of-use electricity price; vehicle emergency degree

---